The middle and largest layer of the adrenal cortex, producing cortisol and other glucocorticoid hormones.
Structure
The zona fasciculata is named for its parallel columns of cells separated by sinusoidal capillaries. Each cell is rich in lipid droplets used to make steroid hormones.
Function
Stimulated by ACTH from the pituitary, the zone secretes cortisol, which raises blood glucose, mobilizes fats, and modulates the immune response.
Clinical note
Overactivity of this zone produces Cushing syndrome, while destruction of the adrenal cortex causes Addison disease.
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