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Adrenal Gland
Glandula suprarenalis
A small endocrine gland on top of each kidney that produces stress hormones, mineralocorticoids, and small amounts of sex hormones.
Below are body parts that contain the letter R anywhere in the name. Each of the 73 body parts below opens to a full profile.
Table of contents
List of Body Parts That Contain R
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Aorta
Aorta
The largest artery in the body, carrying oxygen-rich blood from the heart's left ventricle to the rest of the body.
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Aortic Bulb
Bulbus aortae
The dilated base of the ascending aorta just above the aortic valve, containing the openings of the coronary arteries.
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Arteries
Thick-walled blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the heart to tissues throughout the body.
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Atrium
Atrium cordis
Either of the two upper chambers of the heart that receive blood returning from circulation.
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Bladder
Vesica
A muscular reservoir that stores fluid before release, most commonly referring to the urinary bladder.
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Brain
Encephalon
The central organ of the nervous system, responsible for thought, sensation, movement, and the control of every other body system.
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Capillaries
Microscopic blood vessels where the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues occurs.
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Carotid Artery
Arteria carotis
A pair of major arteries in the neck that supply blood to the brain, face, and neck tissues.
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Carpals
Ossa carpi
Eight small bones arranged in two rows that form the bony framework of the wrist.
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Cornu
Cornu
An anatomical term for a horn-shaped projection, used for several structures including the cornua of the hyoid bone and the uterus.
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Diaphragm
Diaphragma
A dome-shaped sheet of muscle separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities and serving as the main muscle of breathing.
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Eyebrow
Supercilium
A strip of short hair above each eye that shields the eye from sweat and contributes to facial expression.
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Gallbladder
Vesica biliaris
A small pear-shaped organ that stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver.
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Hair Bulb
Bulbus pili
The rounded base of a hair follicle, where new hair cells are produced by rapidly dividing matrix cells.
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Heart
Cor
A muscular pump in the thoracic cavity that circulates blood through the body via the cardiovascular system.
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Iliac Artery
Arteria iliaca
A large artery in the pelvis that supplies blood to the lower limb and pelvic organs.
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Incisor
Dens incisivus
A flat, chisel-shaped tooth at the front of the mouth used for biting and cutting food.
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Jugular Foramen
Foramen jugulare
A large opening at the base of the skull through which several cranial nerves and the internal jugular vein exit the cranial cavity.
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Jugular Vein
Vena jugularis
A pair of large veins in the neck that drain blood from the head and brain back toward the heart.
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Kupffer Cells
Macrophagi stellati
Resident immune cells lining the liver's blood sinusoids that engulf bacteria and old red blood cells.
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Lacrimal Sac
Saccus lacrimalis
A small pouch at the inner corner of the eye that collects tears before they drain into the nose.
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Large Intestine
Intestinum crassum
The final section of the digestive tract that absorbs water and electrolytes and forms feces from undigested material.
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Larynx
Larynx
The voice box, a cartilage-framed organ in the neck that produces sound and protects the lower airway.
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Liver
Hepar
The largest internal organ, performing hundreds of metabolic, storage, and detoxification functions.
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Metacarpals
Ossa metacarpi
Five long bones in the palm of the hand that connect the wrist to the fingers.
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Nephron
Nephronum
The microscopic functional unit of the kidney, where blood is filtered and urine is fine-tuned.
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Nostril
Naris
One of the two external openings of the nose through which air enters the respiratory tract.
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Olfactory Bulb
Bulbus olfactorius
A small forebrain structure at the front of the brain that processes incoming signals about smell.
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Optic Nerve
Nervus opticus
The cranial nerve that carries visual information from the retina to the brain.
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Ovary
Ovarium
A paired female reproductive gland that produces eggs and secretes the hormones estrogen and progesterone.
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Pancreas
Pancreas
An elongated gland behind the stomach that produces digestive enzymes and hormones regulating blood sugar.
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Pericardial Sac
Pericardium
A tough double-layered sac that surrounds the heart, anchoring it and reducing friction during each beat.
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Pharynx
Pharynx
The throat, a muscular tube that carries air to the larynx and food to the esophagus.
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Pulmonary Artery
Arteria pulmonalis
A short, large vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
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Quadrangular Space
Spatium axillare laterale
A four-sided anatomical gap in the shoulder region that allows passage of the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery.
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Quadratus Femoris
Musculus quadratus femoris
A short, flat muscle of the hip that rotates the thigh outward and helps stabilize the hip joint.
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Quadratus Lumborum
Musculus quadratus lumborum
A deep muscle of the posterior abdominal wall that stabilizes the lower spine and helps bend the trunk sideways.
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Quadriceps
Musculus quadriceps femoris
A group of four large muscles on the front of the thigh that extend the knee and stabilize the kneecap.
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Radius
Radius
One of two long bones of the forearm, located on the thumb side and rotating around the ulna.
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Rectum
Rectum
The final straight section of the large intestine that stores fecal material before elimination.
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Red Marrow
Medulla ossium rubra
The blood-cell-producing tissue inside many bones, where new red cells, white cells, and platelets are made throughout life.
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Ribs
Costae
Twelve pairs of curved bones that form the rib cage and protect the organs of the chest.
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Rotator Cuff
Musculi rotatores
A group of four muscles and their tendons that surround the shoulder joint and keep the head of the humerus seated in the socket.
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Spinal Cord
Medulla spinalis
The long bundle of nerve fibers and cell bodies running down through the vertebral column from the brainstem.
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Sternum
Sternum
The breastbone, a flat bone in the middle of the chest that anchors the ribs and protects the heart and great vessels.
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Thyroid Gland
Glandula thyroidea
A butterfly-shaped endocrine gland in the front of the neck that controls metabolism through its hormones.
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Trachea
Trachea
The windpipe, a cartilage-reinforced tube that conducts air between the larynx and the bronchi.
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Umbilical Cord
Funiculus umbilicalis
A flexible tube connecting the developing fetus to the placenta, carrying blood between the two.
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Urethra
Urethra
A tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body, and in males also carries semen during ejaculation.
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Urinary Bladder
Vesica urinaria
A muscular sac in the pelvis that stores urine until it is voluntarily released through the urethra.
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Uterus
Uterus
A muscular pear-shaped organ in the female pelvis where a fertilized egg implants and a fetus develops during pregnancy.
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Ventricle
Ventriculus cordis
Either of the two lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out into systemic or pulmonary circulation.
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Vertebrae
Vertebrae
The 33 bones that stack to form the spinal column, supporting the body and protecting the spinal cord.
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Vocal Cord
Plica vocalis
One of a pair of folds of mucous membrane in the larynx that vibrate to produce sound during speech and singing.
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Wernicke Area
Area Wernicke
A region of the dominant cerebral hemisphere essential for understanding spoken and written language.
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White Matter
Substantia alba
The pale, deeper layer of the brain and spinal cord made up of myelinated nerve fibers connecting different regions.
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Wrist
Carpus
The joint complex between the hand and the forearm, made up of eight small carpal bones and several joint surfaces.
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X Chromosome
Chromosoma X
A sex chromosome found in all human cells, present as two copies in genetic females and one copy in genetic males.
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Xiphoid Cartilage
The cartilaginous tip of the xiphoid process in young people, before it ossifies, providing flexibility at the inferior sternum.
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Xiphoid Process
Processus xiphoideus
A small cartilaginous extension at the lower end of the sternum that serves as an attachment point for several muscles and ligaments.
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Y Chromosome
Chromosoma Y
The smaller of the two sex chromosomes, found only in genetic males and carrying the master switch for male sex determination.
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Yellow Bone Marrow
Medulla ossium flava
A fatty tissue found in the central cavities of long bones, serving as an energy reserve and a backup site for blood cell production.
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Zona Glomerulosa
Zona glomerulosa
The outermost layer of the adrenal cortex, producing aldosterone to regulate sodium balance and blood pressure.
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Zona Reticularis
Zona reticularis
The innermost layer of the adrenal cortex, producing weak androgens that supplement gonadal sex hormones.
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Zygomatic Arch
Arcus zygomaticus
The bony arch on the side of the face formed by the temporal and zygomatic bones, visible as the upper cheek ridge.
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Zygomaticus Major
Musculus zygomaticus major
A facial muscle that draws the corner of the mouth upward and outward, producing the characteristic action of smiling.
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